Material

Tile

Tile refers to ceramic or clay units used in architectural applications, typically fired for durability and available in formats like flat cladding panels with weights ranging from 41 to 57 kg/m². Produced via energy-intensive processes including clay extraction, forming, drying, and high-temperature firing, tiles offer weatherproof, frost-resistant, and UV-stable properties suitable for building envelopes.

Commonly applied as facade cladding in institutional, religious, and campus buildings, often paired with brick or concrete structures. Serves as durable exterior panelling on ventilated systems with aluminum or wood sub-constructions, reducing mortar and concrete demands while providing thermal insulation.

Cradle-to-gate EPDs report high embodied carbon from firing processes; for example, Urban L-type tiles at 47.74 kg/m² contribute significantly depending on sub-construction, with aluminum options adding more weight than wood. Select lower-weight variants and wood-based supports to minimize overall emissions.

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Tile